In mental health appointments, discussions about relationships often take center stage. Whether clients are recounting interactions with friends, experiences with romantic partners, or relevant family mental health history, a diverse array of behavioral descriptions emerges.

Frequently, individuals use the term "bipolar" to depict someone with two dimensions to their behavior. Despite being a diagnosable mental illness, it seems that people view the term as fitting for someone whose mood is variable, volatile, and reactive. Occasionally, the word is employed to characterize an individual lacking self-control at a perceived clinical intensity. However, it's important to note that these attributes are not the defining characteristics of Bipolar Disorder.

Let's delve deeper into what Bipolar Disorder truly entails and explore the potential disorders that individuals using the term "bipolar" might be referring to.

Formerly known as manic-depressive illness, Bipolar Disorder is a mood disorder marked by extended periods of deep depression and episodes of elevated mood. These elevated moods, referred to as mania or hypomania, can persist for several days to weeks and encompass heightened energy levels, reduced sleep, irritability, risk-taking, and impulsive behavior, as outlined in detail by the DSM 5.

Crucially, it's essential to understand that the duration of manic or depressive episodes associated with Bipolar Disorder spans days, not hours. This distinction is where confusion often arises. Observing a family member whose mood fluctuates rapidly throughout the day may prompt the thought, "Something is not right," and in some cases, this intuition may be accurate.

Given that intra-day mood variability is not a typical presentation of Bipolar Disorder, it's worthwhile to consider alternative explanations for reactivity, intense emotions, and poor self-control:

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Individuals grappling with traumatic experiences may exhibit emotional volatility and reactivity. Understanding the impact of trauma is crucial in providing effective support.

Borderline Personality Disorder: This disorder is characterized by intense and unstable relationships, mood swings, and impulsive behavior. Recognizing these patterns can aid in a more accurate diagnosis.

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): ADHD can manifest as impulsivity and difficulties with emotional regulation. Identifying these symptoms can guide appropriate interventions and support strategies.

Ineffective coping skills: Sometimes people have strong emotions because it was modeled for them as a child. It may not meet criteria for a clinical diagnosis.

While the term "bipolar" is commonly used colloquially, its clinical definition is specific. Exploring alternative explanations for observed behaviors ensures a more accurate understanding and appropriate use of terminology. Moreover, applying correct verbiage to clinical situations conveys support for individuals navigating mental health challenges.

If you or someone you know is struggling with Bipolar Disorder or any of the clinical disorders listed above, click here to learn how Sensible Mental Health can help.